67618
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Procedencia del reembolso del coste de la garantía cuando la liquidación se anula tras un procedimiento amistoso

icon 19 de enero, 2024
El Tribunal Económico Administrativo Central, en su Resolución de 20 de noviembre de 2023 (R.G. 2138/2021), se pronuncia de nuevo sobre la procedencia del reembolso del coste de las garantías en los casos en que las liquidaciones tributarias resulten anuladas como consecuencia del acuerdo adoptado en un procedimiento amistoso.

El asunto resuelto en este caso trae causa de un acto de liquidación dictado en el curso de unas actuaciones inspectoras de comprobación e investigación, acto que fue recurrido solicitándose la suspensión de la deuda mediante aportación de aval bancario.

Posteriormente, el ahora reclamante inició la tramitación de un procedimiento amistoso al amparo de lo dispuesto por el artículo 6 del Convenio 90/436/CEE, relativo a la supresión de la doble imposición en caso de corrección de los beneficios de empresas asociadas. Dicho procedimiento terminó con un acuerdo amistoso alcanzado entre las autoridades fiscales de ambos países que implicó la anulación de la liquidación, renunciando entonces la interesada a los recursos pendientes interpuestos respecto a las cuestiones solucionadas por el procedimiento amistoso. Entonces, el Jefe de la Oficina Nacional de Fiscalidad Internacional remitió comunicación del acuerdo a la Jefa de la Oficina Técnica de la Delegación Central de Grandes Contribuyentes, para que se procediera a su ejecución, dictándose el acuerdo pertinente en ese sentido.

Pues bien, como consecuencia de la ejecución del acuerdo alcanzado en el procedimiento amistoso, la parte interesada solicitó el reembolso del coste de las garantías bancarias aportadas para lograr la suspensión de las deudas, solicitud que fue denegada por la Delegación Central de Grandes Contribuyentes sobre la base, fundamentalmente, de lo dispuesto por el artículo 33.1 de la Ley General Tributaria. En él se establece que «La Administración tributaria reembolsará, previa acreditación de su importe, el coste de las garantías aportadas para suspender la ejecución de un acto o para aplazar o fraccionar el pago de una deuda si dicho acto o deuda es declarado improcedente por sentencia o resolución administrativa firme. Cuando el acto o la deuda se declare parcialmente improcedente, el reembolso alcanzará a la parte correspondiente del coste de las garantías». Considera así la Administración que «el acuerdo entre autoridades fiscales no puede considerarse una declaración de improcedencia fijada en sentencia o administración administrativa firme», por lo que no procede el reintegro solicitado.

Resolviendo la cuestión el Tribunal Central señala que, aun siendo cierta la afirmación anterior, el acuerdo de ejecución dictado por la Jefa Adjunta de la Oficina Técnica por el que se acordó rectificar el acuerdo de liquidación originario a efectos de emitir una nueva liquidación en la que se consignase el ajuste finalmente procedente, se enmarca dentro del concepto de «resolución administrativa» al que hace referencia el artículo 33.1 de la Ley General Tributaria. Y es que ha de tenerse en cuenta que, en estos casos, lo que produce la anulación de la liquidación no es el acuerdo amistoso en sí, sino la resolución administrativa por la que se anula la liquidación, en cumplimiento de dicho acuerdo amistoso.

Así pues, conforme a dicho criterio, ya vertido en la Resolución del Tribunal Económico Administrativo Central de 21 de marzo de 2023 (RG 6267/2020), el tribunal confirma el derecho del reclamante a percibir el reembolso del coste del aval en la parte proporcional a la deuda tributaria que finalmente se había declarado improcedente y con los intereses legales correspondientes de conformidad con el artículo 33.2 de la Ley General Tributaria.

Respecto a este último aspecto recuerda también el tribunal que, conforme a la modificación introducida en la Disposición Adicional 1ª del Texto Refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de No Residentes por la Ley 4/2008 y hasta la modificación introducida en la misma por el Decreto-Ley 3/2020 —aplicable a procedimientos amistosos iniciados con anterioridad al 6 de febrero de 2020—, durante la tramitación de los referidos procedimientos amistosos no se devengan intereses de demora con independencia del carácter deudor o acreedor de los mismos —reiterándose así el criterio de la Resolución de 18 de septiembre de 2018 (RG 1427-2017), confirmado por la Audiencia Nacional en su Sentencia de 1 de junio de 2022 (Rec. 833/2018)—.

 

Autor/es

Pilar Álvarez – Consejo Académico

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Sandra Cuesta
Sandra Cuesta
Directora de Desarrollo de Negocio, Marketing y Comunicación
Sandra Cuesta
Sandra Cuesta
Directora de Desarrollo de Negocio, Marketing y Comunicación
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