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The Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the 28th Regime Corporate Legal Framework – ‘EU Inc.’, dated 18 March 2026, introduces a new form of European private limited company. Originally envisaged for start-ups and scale-ups, it has been decided to allow its adoption by all companies. There is no minimum share capital requirement; shares may have no nominal value and may carry multiple voting rights, among other features. The Commission is expected to approve model articles of association so that a company can be incorporated online in less than forty-eight hours and for less than one hundred euros.

All cases decided by the Supreme Court and their specific details are discussed. There is no single solution to the problem of terminating a framework supply of services agreement without an exclusivity clause or a minimum purchases obligation.

The measures related to grid access and connection respond to investor interest in large-scale decarbonization projects, data centres, electric mobility, and energy storage, and aim to reduce the current hoarding of demand-side access.

Royal Decree-law 7/2026, of 20 March, approving the Comprehensive Plan to Address the Crisis in the Middle East - published in the Official Journal of Spain on 21 March - introduces significant changes to the regulation of the electricity sector. Although it needs to be ratified by Parliament, generally speaking it came into force on the day of its publication.

Reduced connection charges for electro-intensive consumers and the Fund for the Promotion of Industrial Decarbonization will help improve the industrial sector's competitiveness in the current economic climate.

Directive (EU) 2026/470 (Omnibus I) has been published, limiting the obligation to prepare a sustainability report to public-interest entities with more than 1,000 employees and a net turnover of more than €450 million during the preceding financial year, as well as to parent companies of a large group that exceed these figures on a consolidated basis. The Directive amends the audit directive, the accounting directive, the corporate sustainability reporting directive (CSRD) and the corporate sustainability due diligence directive (CSDDD).

In Judgment no. 183/2026, of 10 February, the Supreme Court analysed the requirements for the validity and enforceability of an uncertificated registered share pledge and examined the conditions for its avoidance in the context of insolvency proceedings.

The clause agreed upon must comply, for greater certainty, with the provisions of the new judicial enforcement procedure. It will be necessary to agree on an appraised value, which is not required in Article 1872 CC, because otherwise the award would be similar to a ‘forfeiture proviso’ (pactum commissorium), which the Civil Code neutralised with the drastic imposition of extinguishment of the debt in its entirety.

Summary of legislative and jurisprudential developments relating to the automotive sector.